Recent research using magnetic resonance imaging has documented changes in the adult
human brain's grey matter structure induced by alterations in experiential demands. We …

Based upon neurophysiologic, neuroanatomic, and neuroimaging studies conducted over
the past two decades, the cerebral cortex can now be viewed as functionally and structurally …

This chapter examines neurobiological development in normal and illustrative high‐risk
conditions and mental disorders. It reviews relevant findings on neural plasticity and their …

Synapse formation and elimination occur throughout life, but the magnitude of such changes
at distinct developmental stages remains unclear. Using transgenic mice overexpressing …

It has long been hypothesized that morphological and numerical alterations in dendritic
spines underlie long-term structural encoding of experiences. Here we investigate the …

Dendritic spines are postsynaptic sites of excitatory input in the mammalian nervous system.
Despite much information about their structure, their functional significance remains …

Dendritic spines appear and disappear in an experience-dependent manner. Although
some new spines have been shown to contain synapses, little is known about the …

The regional specificity and functional significance of learning-dependent synaptogenesis
within physiologically defined regions of the adult motor cortex are described. In comparison …

Age-related dementia and cognitive decline are substantial public health problems that are
projected to increase in the first half of this century as the proportion of older persons in the …

The brain is remarkably responsive to its interactions with the environment, and its
morphology is altered by experience in measurable ways. Histological examination of the …