Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a well-established technology used for producing biogas or
biomethane alongside the slurry used as biofertilizer. However, using a variety of wastes …

Propionic acid (propionate) is a commercially valuable carboxylic acid produced through
microbial fermentation. Propionic acid is mainly used in the food industry but has recently …

Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are used as building blocks to synthesize a wide range of
commercially-important chemicals. Microbially produced VFAs (acetic acid, propionic acid …

Plant cell culture provides a viable alternative over whole plant cultivation for the production
of secondary metabolites. In order to successfully cultivate the plant cells at large scale …

Large amounts of crude glycerol produced in the biodiesel industry can be used as a low-
cost renewable feedstock to produce chemicals and fuels. Compared to sugars (sucrose …

Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii can ferment glucose and glycerol to
propionic acid with acetic and succinic acids as two by-products. Propionic acid production …

With over 130 countries signing the net-zero coalition treaty to reduce the global warming,
the interest to replace fossil-fuels is constantly increasing. Also, there exists an increased …

As natural metabolites, organic acids have been widely applied in food, pharmaceutical, and
bio-based materials industries. Particularly, the short-chain organic acids, including C2, C3 …

The increasing demand for propionic acid (PA) production and its wide applications in
several industries, especially the food industry (as a preservative and satiety inducer), have …

During the past years, there has been a growing interest in the bioproduction of propionic
acid by Propionibacterium. One of the major limitations of the existing models lies in their …