In the last three decennia, many governments have introduced market mechanisms in
education. They have done so by enhancing parental choice and encouraging school …

Universities are increasingly making decisions about undergraduate admissions with
reference to contextual indicators to identify whether an applicant comes from a …

Composite indicators aggregate a set of variables by using weights which are understood to
reflect the variables' importance in the index. We propose to measure the importance of a …

How well do governments do in converting the resources they take from us, like taxes, into
services that improve the well-being of individuals, groups, and society as a whole? In other …

Background and Aim Many multilevel logistic regression analyses of “neighbourhood and
health” focus on interpreting measures of associations (eg, odds ratio, OR). In contrast …

Since 1992, the UK Government has published so‐called 'school league tables'
summarising the average General Certificate of Secondary Education …

Objective To explore whether responses to questions in surveys of patients that purport to
assess the performance of general practices or doctors reflect differences between …

This paper considers the model of school effectiveness (SE) currently dominant in research,
policy and practice in England (although the concerns it raises are international). It shows …

Governments, local authorities, school leaders, and teachers all over the world want to
improve the educational attainment and participation of all students, and to minimise any …

In the UK, USA and elsewhere, school accountability systems increasingly compare schools
using value‐added measures of school performance derived from pupil scores in high …