Compulsivity has been recently characterized as a manifestation of an imbalance between
the brain׳ s goal-directed and habit-learning systems. Habits are perhaps the most …

The mesolimbic dopaminergic (ML-DA) system has been recognized for its central role in
motivated behaviors, various types of reward, and, more recently, in cognitive processes …

Striatal dopamine (DA) is thought to code for learned associations between cues and
reinforcers and to mediate approach behavior toward a reward. Less is known about the …

Functional imaging studies have reported with remarkable consistency hyperactivity in the
orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and caudate nucleus of patients …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is commonly associated with cognitive decline but is
also composed of neuropsychiatric symptoms including psychological distress and …

Autism is a behaviourally defined disorder including attenuated or abnormal social
interaction and communication, as well as aberrant repetitive behaviour, with symptoms …

Stress plays a key role in pathogenesis of anxiety and depression. Animal models of these
disorders are widely used in behavioral neuroscience to explore stress-evoked brain …

Estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals have been shown to disrupt maternal behavior in
rodents. We investigated the effects of an emerging xenoestrogen, bisphenol S (BPS), on …

The serotonin transporter knockout (SERT−/−) mouse, generated in 1998, was followed by
the SERT−/− rat, developed in 2006. The availability of SERT−/− rodents creates the unique …

The precise causal factors for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are not known,
although, decades of research have honed in on the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) …