Blockchain is a distributed public ledger that keeps track of all transactions that have ever
taken place in the system. As a distributed ledger, a consensus mechanism is required to …

With reference to sustainable digitalization, available literature reviews do not properly
clarify whether digitalization is sustainable economically, environmentally and ethically-in …

This paper considers the energy profile of the main components and technological options
of digital currencies, including crypto assets. Digital currencies differ widely in energy …

Whether in crypto assets or in CBDCs, design choices can make an important difference to
the energy consumption of digital currencies. This paper establishes the main components …

Distributed ledger technology (DLT) like blockchain technology (BCT) is expected to have
the power to improve sustainability in supply chains. To summarize and organize the …

Zusammenfassung Die Blockchain ist eine Technologie, welche nicht nur in der Forschung
zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnt. Auch in der Praxis und in Unternehmen wird die …

University student elections are usually held using paper ballots [2] or online survey forms
[4]–[7] where security is a concern [8]. This paper presents the creation of a blockchain …

The financial sector is undergoing a massive transformation, with new technologydriven
players challenging established mechanisms and transforming the sector into a fast-moving …

The paper examines the effects of providing validators with status on transaction verification
performance in blockchains (eg, Delegated Proof-of-Stake). In particular, the paper focuses …

Blockchain and its infrastructure technology have expanded rapidly in the last decade and
are in high demand, but there is a lack of comprehensive studies on those platforms …