Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the factors responsible for its
progression need to be elucidated. Exosomes are structures with an average size of 100 nm …

Cellular heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment are
independent yet synergistic drivers of tumour progression and underlie therapeutic …

Ongoing research has revealed that the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is one of the
biggest obstacles in the current cancer therapy. CSCs make an influential function in tumor …

Tumors are not isolated entities, but complex systemic networks involving cell-cell
communication between transformed and non-transformed cells. The milieu created by …

Malignant brain tumours are complex ecosystems containing neoplastic and stromal
components that generate adaptive and evolutionarily driven aberrant tissues in the central …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are self-renewing cells that facilitate tumor initiation, promote
metastasis, and enhance cancer therapy resistance. Transcriptomic analyses across many …

Tumor immunotherapy has transformed neoplastic disease management, yet low response
rates and immune complications persist as major challenges. Extracellular vesicles …

Among the various immunological and non-immunological tumor-promoting activities of
myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), their immunosuppressive capacity remains a …

Multiple myeloma is an incurable cancer characterized by the uncontrolled growth of
malignant plasma cells nurtured within a permissive bone marrow microenvironment. While …

Exosomes can mediate a dynamic method of communication between malignancies,
including those sequestered in the central nervous system and the immune system. We …