Review of PPP–RTK: Achievements, challenges, and opportunities

X Li, J Huang, X Li, Z Shen, J Han, L Li, B Wang - Satellite navigation, 2022 - Springer
The PPP–RTK method, which combines the concepts of Precise of Point Positioning (PPP)
and Real-Time Kinematic (RTK), is proposed to provide a centimeter-accuracy positioning …

Towards millimeter-level accuracy in GNSS-based space geodesy: A review of error budget for GNSS precise point positioning

X Li, JP Barriot, Y Lou, W Zhang, P Li, C Shi - Surveys in Geophysics, 2023 - Springer
The aim of the new generation of Global Geodetic Observing System is a millimeter-level
accuracy in positioning, with a crucial role to be played by Global Navigation Satellites …

Multipath mitigation in GNSS precise point positioning based on trend-surface analysis and multipath hemispherical map

R Lu, W Chen, D Dong, Z Wang, C Zhang, Y Peng… - GPS Solutions, 2021 - Springer
The multipath effect reduces the accuracy of pseudorange and carrier phase observations
and significantly affects the convergence of precise point positioning (PPP) in an urban high …

Multipath mitigation in GNSS precise point positioning using multipath hierarchy for changing environments

H Yuan, Z Zhang, X He, Y Dong, J Zeng, B Li - GPS Solutions, 2023 - Springer
Global navigation satellite system precise point positioning (PPP) technology can be
significantly affected by multipath errors of code and phase observations. Previous studies …

Modeling, refinement and evaluation of multipath mitigation based on the hemispherical map in BDS2/BDS3 relative precise positioning

Z Zhang, Y Dong, Y Wen, Y Luo - Measurement, 2023 - Elsevier
Multipath is one of the critical constraints in millimeter-level BeiDou navigation satellite
system (BDS) positioning. Since multipath hemispherical map (MHM) can be conducted in …

Code and phase multipath mitigation by using the observation-domain parameterization and its application in five-frequency GNSS ambiguity resolution

Z Zhang - GPS Solutions, 2021 - Springer
In multi-frequency and multi-constellation GNSS applications, the multi-frequency carrier
ambiguity resolution (MCAR) is the prerequisite of high-precision positioning and …

Characteristics of the BDS-3 multipath effect and mitigation methods using precise point positioning

R Lu, W Chen, C Zhang, L Li, Y Peng, Z Zheng - GPS Solutions, 2022 - Springer
Multipath effect is one of the main challenges of precise point positioning (PPP) in complex
environments. Nowadays, the BeiDou global navigation satellite system (BDS-3) …

Modelling and mitigation of GNSS multipath effects by least-squares collocation considering spatial autocorrelation

Y Tian, Z Liu, M Lin, K Li - Journal of Geodesy, 2023 - Springer
Multipath effects can lead to delays of centimeters in GNSS phase observations depending
on the station environment. Those delays can seriously degrade the accuracy of GNSS …

Real‐Time Multipath Mitigation in Multi‐GNSS Short Baseline Positioning via CNN‐LSTM Method

Y Tao, C Liu, T Chen, X Zhao, C Liu… - Mathematical …, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Multipath is the main systematic error of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) short
baseline positioning. Multipath cannot be eliminated by the double‐differenced technique …

Analysis of the impact of multipath on Galileo system measurements

D Prochniewicz, M Grzymala - Remote Sensing, 2021 - mdpi.com
Multipath is one of the major source of errors in precise Global Navigation Satellite System
positioning. With the emergence of new navigation systems, such as Galileo, upgraded …