Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is known as a favorite polymer from the family of
fluoropolymers due to its excellent piezoelectric properties, thermal stability, and mechanical …

The goal of the current article is to update new findings in membrane fouling and emerging
fouling mitigation strategies reported in recent years (post 2010) as a follow-up to our …

Membrane fouling is one of the main drawbacks encountered during the practical
application of membrane separation processes. Cleaning of a membrane is important to …

Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging thermal-based membrane technology that has
the capacity to treat a wide range of feed waters, including high salinity brines and …

Abstract Poly (vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF) membranes have been extensively applied to
scientific research and industrial process due to its outstanding properties such as high …

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been widely used in wastewater treatment and
reclamation. Membrane cleaning is an essential part during the operation of MBRs since …

Ultrafiltration (UF) is one of the best options for both one-stage and as part of multi-stage
water and wastewater purification. This review summarises the known facts about the fouling …

Although microalgal biomass and environmental benefits of microalgae surpass those of
many other feedstocks, the costs associated with up-and downstream technologies still …

In-situ chemical cleaning with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) is often employed for
maintaining constant permeability in a membrane bioreactor (MBR). In this study, the effect …

Membrane separation processes have become a basic unit operation for process design
and product development. These processes are used in a variety of separation and …