This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …

This review discusses recent research of mood disorders associated with the cessation of
psychoactive substances, with an emphasis on preclinical studies that have been published …

Today it is well acknowledged that both nature and nurture play important roles in the
genesis of psychopathologies, including drug addiction. Increasing evidence suggests that …

Objective It is generally acknowledged that drug dependence is connected with abnormal
functional organization in the individual's brain. The present study aimed to identify the …

Abstract Changes in structural plasticity produced by the chronic exposure to drugs of
abuse, such as alterations in dendritic spine densities, participate in the development of …

The Lewis (LEW) and Fischer 344 (F344) rat strains have been used as a model to study
genetic vulnerability to drug addiction and they differ in their dopaminergic systems. We …

Chronic exposure to cocaine induces modifications to neurons in the brain regions involved
in addiction. Hence, we evaluated cocaine-induced changes in the hippocampal CA1 field …

Humans are more vulnerable to addiction in comparison to all other mammals, including
nonhuman primates, yet there is a lack of research addressing this. This paper reviews the …

Individuals report a wide range of analgesia to similar doses of opiates, and not all opiate
users become addicted. This suggests that there may be certain predispositions that …

Lewis and Fischer-344 rats have been proposed as an addiction model because of their
differences in addiction behaviour. It has been suggested that drug addiction is related to …