Spanish residential buildings built in the decade of the housing bubble (2000–2009) had to
comply with the Basic Buildings Standard on thermal conditions in buildings. At the end of …

The rise in urbanization has led to an expansion of traditional urban externalities toward
suburban and rural areas together with changes in the preferences of human populations for …

The increasing complexity of building projects, with high quality standards, integrated
technologies and strong management restrictions, demands the intervention of numerous …

This study reveals that women had a significant presence as shareholders in Spanish
financial corporations in the early-twentieth century. In the 1920s and 1930s, on average, 40 …

The current work models urban growth in the continuous built-up areas of 47 Spanish cities
from the mid-nineteenth century through to the present day. We did this by compiling a …

This paper presents unique comprehensive quantitative measures of the changes in
Spanish rural landscapes, specifically in relation to the Rural-Urban Interface (RUI). Our …

Este artículo evalúa las modalidades de protesta popular y violencia colectiva en la España
urbana contemporánea y sus especificidades respecto a otros países europeos. Primero …

The characteristics of the envelope of a building determine, together with other factors, its
consumption of energy. Additionally, the climate zone and insulation material may vary the …

Long-term population estimates are usually based on decennial (or roughly decennial),
census-type data, especially those that go beyond the aggregate or national level. The lack …

In this paper, we study differential infant and child mortality according to the origin of the
mothers, natives of Madrid or immigrants, between 1916 and 1926. From 1880 to 1939 …