Background Around 10% of all thrombotic cerebrovascular events (CVE) occur in young
population and in a large proportion of those the trigger remains undetermined …

About one-fourth of ischemic strokes occur in working-aged individuals in the high-income
countries, with worldwide increasing incidence in this age group from 1980s to present …

Essentials• The clinical value of IgM antibodies in thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome
(APS) is debated.• By review of literature, we reconsidered the clinical value of IgM …

Background. Antiphospholipid antibodies have been associated with a clinical syndrome
consisting thrombosis and recurrent, unexplained fetal loss. Methods. The literature …

The role of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) associated with cardiovascular diseases has
been extensively studied in autoimmune patients, however it was largely unknown whether …

The role of infectious and inflammatory causes of stroke is much more significant in children
than in adults. Conversely, that of atherosclerotic disease, ischaemic heart disease and …

Background and Purpose—Platelets bearing complement C4d were recently reported to be
99% specific for a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and associated with …

The studies and discussions presented in the second edition of the Hughes Syndrome text
had their beginning with a 1983 British Medical Journal publication entitled “Thrombosis …

Purpose: To systematically review evidence from clinical trials about the management of
neurological manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS). Methods: Articles …

Although the precise pathophysiology of thrombosis is unknown in primary anti‐
phospholipid syndrome (PAPS), it is assumed that autoantibodies developed against …