Background Post-stroke spasm is currently a complex clinical problem that remains to be
resolved. Due to its excellent efficacy and few side effects, clinicians have used fire …

Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-
A) therapy combined with rehabilitation on motor function in post-stroke patients. Methods …

Objective To develop an algorithm for the selection of adults with disabling spasticity for
treatment with intrathecal baclofen (ITB) and/or botulinum toxin type A (BoNT A). Methods A …

Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of advanced practice nurse–guided home-based
rehabilitation exercise program (HREPro) among patients with lower limb spasticity post …

Botulinum toxin (BT) is an effective treatment for spasticity symptoms in multiple sclerosis
(MS). Despite its wide use in clinical practices, only few studies have explored long-term …

Objective This study examined how the effects of botulinum toxin therapy changed over time
by sequential evaluation of clinical improvements in spasticity and contracture in 24 chronic …

Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) has been shown effective for poststroke lower limb spasticity.
Following injections, a wide range of multidisciplinary approach has been previously …

Study design An open-label, randomized, controlled, observer-blinded trial. Introduction
Repetitive facilitative exercise (RFE) is a movement therapy to recover from hemiparesis …

Numerous studies have established a robust body of evidence for botulinum toxin A (BoNT-
A) therapy as a treatment for upper motor neuron syndrome. These studies demonstrated …

Spasticity is a very common sign in the neurological field. It can be defined as “a motor
disorder marked by a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone or tonic stretch reflexes” …