Studies of the regulation of erythropoietin (EPO) production by the liver and kidneys, one of
the classical physiological responses to hypoxia, led to the discovery of human oxygen …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major kidney disease characterized by an abrupt loss of renal
function. Accumulating evidence indicates that incomplete or maladaptive repair after AKI …

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are highly conserved transcription factors that are crucial for
adaptation of metazoans to limited oxygen availability. Recently, HIF activation and …

The extensive oxygen gradient between the air we breathe (Po2~ 21 kPa) and its ultimate
distribution within mitochondria (as low as~ 0.5–1 kPa) is testament to the efforts expended …

The decline of oxygen tension in the tissues below the physiological demand leads to the
hypoxic adaptive response. This physiological consequence enables cells to recover from …

A classic physiologic response to systemic hypoxia is the increase in red blood cell
production. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) orchestrate this response by inducing cell-type …

Hypoxia is an inadequate oxygen supply to tissues and cells, which can restrict their
function. The hypoxic response is primarily mediated by the hypoxia-inducible transcription …

Context Renal cancer is a common urologic malignancy, and therapeutic options for
metastatic disease are limited. Most clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) are associated …

The hormone erythropoietin (Epo) maintains red blood cell mass by promoting the survival,
proliferation and differentiation of erythrocytic progenitors. Circulating Epo originates mainly …

Hypoxia is a fundamental stimulus that impacts cells, tissues, organs, and physiological
systems. The discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and subsequent identification of …