The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology
and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The …

Discovered more than 30 years ago, the angiotensin AT 2 receptor (AT 2 R) has evolved
from a binding site with unknown function to a firmly established major effector within the …

Gillis and Sullivan Sex Differences in Hypertension 1323 optimal BP management in both
men and women, female enrollment was only≈ 36%(77 women in the intensive treatment …

Diabetic nephropathy constitutes a devastating complication in patients with type 1 diabetes
mellitus, and its diagnosis is traditionally based on microalbuminuria. The aim of this review …

Post-operative adhesions affect patients undergoing all types of surgeries. They are
associated with serious complications, including higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Given …

NADPH oxidase–derived excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the
kidney plays a key role in mediating renal injury in diabetes. Pathological changes in …

Aims/hypothesis Changes in podocyte morphology and function are associated with
albuminuria and progression of diabetic nephropathy. NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is the main …

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the initiation and progression
of cardiovascular and renal diseases. These actions mediated by AT1 receptor (AT1R) are …

The renin-angiotensin system is of vital significance not only in the maintenance of blood
pressure but also because of its role in the pathophysiology of different organ systems in the …

Since the advent of insulin, the improvements in diabetes detection and the therapies to treat
hyperglycemia have reduced the mortality of acute metabolic emergencies, such that today …