Formal methods to comply with rules of the road in autonomous driving: State of the art and grand challenges

N Mehdipour, M Althoff, RD Tebbens, C Belta - Automatica, 2023 - Elsevier
We provide a review of recent work on formal methods for autonomous driving. Formal
methods have been traditionally used to specify and verify the behavior of computer …

Specifying safety of autonomous vehicles in signal temporal logic

N Arechiga - 2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
We develop a set of contracts for autonomous control software that ensures that if all traffic
participants follow the contracts, the overall traffic system will be collision-free. We express …

Rule-compliant trajectory repairing using satisfiability modulo theories

Y Lin, M Althoff - 2022 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), 2022 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Autonomous vehicles must comply with traffic rules. However, most motion planners do not
explicitly consider all relevant traffic rules. Once traffic rule violations of an initially-planned …

Goal-aware RSS for complex scenarios via program logic

I Hasuo, C Eberhart, J Haydon, J Dubut… - IEEE Transactions …, 2022 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
We introduce a goal-aware extension of responsibility-sensitive safety (RSS), a recent
methodology for rule-based safety guarantee for automated driving systems (ADS). Making …

A formal safety net for waypoint-following in ground robots

R Bohrer, YK Tan, S Mitsch… - IEEE Robotics and …, 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
We present a reusable formally verified safety net that provides end-to-end safety and
liveness guarantees for two-dimensional waypoint-following of Dubins-type ground robots …

Correct by design coordination of autonomous driving systems

M Bozga, J Sifakis - International Journal on Software Tools for …, 2023 - Springer
The paper proposes a method for the correct by design coordination of autonomous driving
systems (ADS). It builds on previous results on collision avoidance policies and the …

From specifications to behavior: Maneuver verification in a semantic state space

K Esterle, V Aravantinos, A Knoll - 2019 IEEE Intelligent …, 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
To realize a market entry of autonomous vehicles in the foreseeable future, the behavior
planning system will need to abide by the same rules that humans follow. Product liability …

Formal verification of safety architectures for automated driving

C Eberhart, J Dubut, J Haydon… - 2023 IEEE Intelligent …, 2023 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Safety architectures play a crucial role in the safety assurance of automated driving vehicles
(ADVs). They can be used as safety envelopes of black-box ADV controllers, and for …

Online verification enabling approval of driving functions—implementation for a planner of an autonomous race vehicle

T Stahl, F Diermeyer - IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent …, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Safety guarantees and regulatory approval for autonomous vehicles remain an ongoing
challenge. In particular, software that is frequently adapted or contains complex, non …

Formal modelling of safety architecture for responsibility-aware autonomous vehicle via event-b refinement

T Kobayashi, M Bondu, F Ishikawa - International Symposium on Formal …, 2023 - Springer
Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is the key requisite for their acceptance in
society. This complexity is the core challenge in formally proving their safety conditions with …