In this review, anatomy and physiology of the respiratory mucosa of nose and paranasal
sinuses are summarized under the aspect of its clinical significance. Basics of endonasal …

Resumo The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 is the
update of similar evidence based position papers published in 2005 and 2007 and 2012 …

The mainstay of treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis is through the administration of topical
nasal drugs. The delivery and intranasal distribution of these is therefore of potential clinical …

Objective Assess paranasal sinus distribution of topical solutions following endoscopic sinus
surgery (ESS) using various delivery devices. Study Design Experimental prospective study …

OBJECTIVE: The effectiveness of topical intranasal steroids (INS) sprays for the treatment of
allergic and nonallergic rhinitis may be limited by lack of instruction in the optimal spray …

Systemic treatment with corticosteroids shows therapeutic effects, few patients benefit from
intranasal topical drug application, probably due to limited access of the drug to the olfactory …

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of individual anatomical
differences on intranasal drug deposition. The data of a comparison of seven different …

Objective To investigate how nasally applied substances distribute in the nose depending
on the form of application. Design Observer-blinded study. Setting University hospital …

Objective: To determine whether there is a 'best'technique for delivering drugs to the middle
meatus. Design: Single-blind cross-over study in healthy individuals using endoscopic video …

This review describes beneficial effects and adverse events of various intranasal
medications in treating rhinosinusitis. Application of intranasal steroids has been described …