We propose a technique to construct physical Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) protocols for
puzzles that require a single loop draw feature. Our approach is based on the observation …

During the last years, several card-based Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) protocols for Nikoli's
puzzles have been designed. Although there are relatively simple card-based ZKP protocols …

Ripple Effect is a logic puzzle where the player has to fill numbers into empty cells in a
rectangular grid. The grid is divided into rooms, and each room must contain consecutive …

Sudoku is a famous logic puzzle where the player has to fill a number between 1 and 9 into
each empty cell of a 9× 9 grid such that every number appears exactly once in each row …

An undirected graph G is known to both the prover P and the verifier V, but only P knows a
subgraph H of G. Without revealing any information about H, P wants to convince V that H is …

This paper shows new card-based cryptographic protocols using private operations that are
secure against malicious players. Physical cards are used in card-based cryptographic …

Shikaku is a pencil puzzle consisting of a rectangular grid, with some cells containing a
number. The player has to partition the grid into rectangles such that each rectangle …

Nonogram is a logic puzzle consisting of a rectangular grid with an objective to color every
cell black or white such that the lengths of blocks of consecutive black cells in each row and …

Cryptarithmetic, also known as Verbal Arithmetic or Word Addition, is a popular pencil
puzzle in which the aim is to deduce which letter corresponds to which numeral, given a …

Proving to someone else the knowledge of a secret without revealing any of its information is
an interesting feature in cryptography. The best solution to solve this problem is a Zero …