Degenerative disc disease is a leading cause of chronic back pain in the aging population in
the world. Sinuvertebral nerve and basivertebral nerve are postulated to be associated with …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), characterized as decreased proteoglycan content,
ossification of endplate, and decreased intervertebral height, is one of the major reasons of …

Abstract Purpose of Review The endplates form the interface between the rigid vertebral
bodies and compliant intervertebral discs. Proper endplate function involves a balance …

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a key component of the intervertebral disc (IVD) that is widely
investigated as an IVD biomaterial. One persisting challenge is introducing materials …

Biomechanical testing methodologies for the spine have developed over the past 50 years.
During that time, there have been several paradigm shifts with respect to techniques. These …

The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the role of necroptosis in compression-
induced rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells death, as well as explore the underlying …

The intervertebral disc is the largest avascular structure in the body, and cells within the disc
rely on diffusive transport via vasculature located within the vertebral endplate to receive …

Low back pain is a vital musculoskeletal disease that impairs life quality, leads to disability
and imposes heavy economic burden on the society, while it is greatly attributed to …

Back and neck pain have become a primary cause of disability and healthcare spending
globally. While the causes of back pain are multifactorial, intervertebral disc degeneration is …

Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, as a leading cause of low back pain, productivity loss,
and disability, is a common musculoskeletal disorder that results in significant …