The advantages of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, including low genetic
redundancy, functional simplicity, and the ability to conduct large-scale genetic screens …

This review summarizes the brain mechanisms controlling sleep and wakefulness.
Wakefulness promoting systems cause low-voltage, fast activity in the …

Dopamine (DA) is a central monoamine neurotransmitter involved in many physiological
and pathological processes. A longstanding yet largely unmet goal is to measure DA …

The view that sleep is essential for survival is supported by the ubiquity of this behavior, the
apparent existence of sleep-like states in the earliest animals, and the fact that severe sleep …

Dopaminergic ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons are critically involved in a variety of
behaviors that rely on heightened arousal, but whether they directly and causally control the …

Learned and adaptive behaviors rely on neural circuits that flexibly couple the same sensory
input to alternative output pathways. Here, we show that the Drosophila mushroom body …

We define the chemoconnectome (CCT) as the entire set of neurotransmitters,
neuromodulators, neuropeptides, and their receptors underlying chemotransmission in an …

During sleep, animals do not eat, reproduce or forage. Sleeping animals are vulnerable to
predation. Yet, the persistence of sleep despite evolutionary pressures, and the deleterious …

Suppressing sensory arousal is critical for sleep, with deeper sleep requiring stronger
sensory suppression. The mechanisms that enable sleeping animals to largely ignore their …

Animals approach stimuli that predict a pleasant outcome. After the paired presentation of an
odour and a reward, Drosophila melanogaster can develop a conditioned approach towards …