Emerging evidence suggests that liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) represents a vital
and ubiquitous phenomenon underlying the formation of membraneless organelles in …

Cancer is a disease of uncontrollably reproducing cells. It is governed by biochemical
pathways that have escaped the regulatory bounds of normal homeostatic balance. This …

Tumorigenesis is a highly complex process, involving many interrelated and cross-acting
signalling pathways. One such pathway that has garnered much attention in the field of …

Gene regulation requires the dynamic coordination of hundreds of regulatory factors at
precise genomic and RNA targets. Although many regulatory factors have specific affinity for …

Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a novel principle for explaining the precise spatial
and temporal regulation in living cells. LLPS compartmentalizes proteins and nucleic acids …

Cells are exquisitely compartmentalized to achieve precise spatiotemporal regulation of
myriad processes and pathways. Phase separation offers one way to achieve territorial …

Biomolecular condensates, membrane-less entities arising from liquid–liquid phase
separation, hold dichotomous roles in health and disease. Alongside their physiological …

Heat-shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) orchestrates the fast and vast cellular response to
heat shock through increased expression of heat-shock proteins. However, how HSF1 …

Cell signaling is a complex process. The faithful transduction of information into specific
cellular actions depends on the synergistic effects of many regulatory molecules, nurtured by …

Highlights•Not all IDRs undergo liquid–liquid phase separation.•IDRs are not necessary for
protein phase separation.•A stickers-and-spacers framework helps conceptualizing IDR …