Phagocytosis is an essential mechanism in innate immune defense, and in maintaining
homeostasis to eliminate apoptotic cells or microbes, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis …

Cell mechanical properties, eg elastic and shear modulus, play vital roles in cell activities
and functions, such as cell growth, cell division, cell motion, and cell adhesion …

Exosomes released by cells can serve as vehicles for delivery of biological materials and
signals. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nt, which …

The ability of cells to sense external mechanical cues is essential for their adaptation to the
surrounding microenvironment. However, how nanoparticle mechanical properties affect cell …

In sepsis, macrophage bacterial phagocytosis is impaired, but the mechanism is not well
elucidated. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a damage …

Macrophage phagocytosis of particles and pathogens is an essential aspect of innate host
defense. Phagocytic function requires cytoskeletal rearrangements that depend on the …

The intracellular bacteria Legionella pneumophila encodes a type IV secretion system
(T4SS) that injects effector proteins into macrophages in order to establish and replicate …

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is up-regulated during inflammation by several
cell types. ICAM-1 is best known for its role in mediating leukocyte adhesion to endothelial …

During infection, Legionella pneumophila translocates over 300 effector proteins into the
host cytosol, allowing the pathogen to establish an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-like …

The Arp2/3 complex nucleates branched actin, forming networks involved in lamellipodial
protrusion, phagocytosis, and cell adhesion. We derived primary bone marrow …