Cell culture is an important tool for biological research. Two-dimensional cell culture has
been used for some time now, but growing cells in flat layers on plastic surfaces does not …

The recently-defined four molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma have required updating
of our understanding of in vitro models to include molecular classification and risk …

Many cancers feature cellular hierarchies that are driven by tumor-initiating cancer stem
cells (CSC) and rely on complex interactions with the tumor microenvironment. Standard cell …

Nowadays, there has been immense progress in developing materials to support
transplanted cells. Nevertheless, the complexity of tissues is far beyond what is found in the …

Tumor properties such as growth and metastasis are dramatically dependent on the tumor
microenvironment (TME). However, the diversity of the TME including the stiffness and the …

Purpose Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common invasive malignant brain tumour in adults.
It is traditionally investigated in vitro by culturing cells as a monolayer (2D culture) or as …

Despite a cost of approximately $1 billion to develop a new cancer drug, about 90% of drugs
that enter clinical trials fail. A tremendous opportunity exists to streamline the drug selection …

Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is a valuable tool for generating three-
dimensional in vitro tumor models that effectively recapitulate tumor-extracellular matrix …

Therapeutic factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promote angiogenesis in
vivo. However, delivery of MSCs in the absence of a cytoprotective environment offers …

Introduction: Drug screening assays employing two-dimensional (2D) cultures of cancer
cells have been largely replaced by three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroid …