Opioids form an important component of general anesthesia and perioperative analgesia.
Discharge opioid prescriptions are identified as a contributor for persistent opioid use and …

Surgical procedures are key drivers of pain development and opioid utilization globally.
Various organizations have generated guidance on postoperative pain management …

Animal sentience refers to the capacity of animals to feel both positive and negative
emotions including that of pain. As veterinary health professionals, we have a medical and …

Background Chronic inflammatory pain significantly reduces the quality of life and lacks
effective interventions. In recent years, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (huc …

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) recognizes exogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns
(PAMPs) and endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and initiates the …

Chronic pain resulting from nerve injury, tissue inflammation, and tumor invasion or
treatment, is a major health problem impacting the quality of life and producing a significant …

Study objective Opioid-free anaesthesia may enhance postoperative recovery by reducing
opioid-related side effects such as nausea, hyperalgesia or tolerance. The objective was to …

The restless legs syndrome is a common disorder that encompasses an idiopathic form of
genetic or unknown origin and symptomatic forms associated with many causes …

Opioid drugs are widely used analgesics that activate the G protein-coupled µ-opioid
receptor, whose endogenous neuropeptide agonists, endorphins and enkephalins, are …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common difficult-to-treat condition where the goal, in the absence of
disease-modifying treatments, is to alleviate symptoms such as pain and loss of function …