We trace the evolution of research on extreme solar and solar-terrestrial events from the
1859 Carrington event to the rapid development of the last twenty years. Our focus is on the …

Yearslong time series of high-precision brightness measurements have been assembled for
thousands of stars with telescopes operating in space. Such data have allowed astronomers …

Abstract The CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) was selected on October 19,
2012, as the first small mission (S-mission) in the ESA Science Programme and successfully …

The size of a planet is an observable property directly connected to the physics of its
formation and evolution. We used precise radius measurements from the California-Kepler …

Abstract NASA's Kepler Space Telescope was designed to determine the frequency of Earth-
sized planets orbiting Sun-like stars, but these planets are on the very edge of the mission's …

During most of their life, stars fuse hydrogen into helium in their cores. The mixing of
chemical elements in the radiative envelope of stars with a convective core is able to …

Abstract The Kepler Mission was designed to identify and characterize transiting planets in
the Kepler Field of View and to determine their occurrence rates. Emphasis was placed on …

The K2 mission will make use of the Kepler spacecraft and its assets to expand upon
Kepler's groundbreaking discoveries in the fields of exoplanets and astrophysics through …

ABSTRACT The primary Kepler Mission provided nearly continuous monitoring of∼
200,000 objects with unprecedented photometric precision. We present the final catalog of …

Determining whether Earth-like planets are common or rare looms as a touchstone in the
question of life in the universe. We searched for Earth-size planets that cross in front of their …