The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are a diverse group of heme monooxygenases that,
through the course of their reaction cycle, can contribute to cellular reactive oxygen species …

The induction of expression of genes for xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in response to
chemical insult is an adaptive response found in most organisms. In vertebrates, the AhR is …

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that controls
the expression of a diverse set of genes. The toxicity of the potent AhR ligand 2, 3, 7, 8 …

Mammalian cytochromes P450 (P450) are a family of heme-thiolate enzymes involved in the
oxidative metabolism of a variety of endogenous and exogenous lipophilic compounds …

Background Beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) is a bovine lipocalin in milk with an innate defense
function. The circumstances under which BLG is associated with tolerance of or allergy to …

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a cytoplasmic transcription factor that is well-known
for regulating xenobiotic metabolism. Studies in knockout and transgenic mice indicate that …

Pregnant women exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are at increased risk
for premature delivery. Premature infants often require supplemental oxygen, a known risk …

Summary Cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) enzymes play important roles in xenobiotic and
endobiotic metabolism. Owing to uncoupling reactions during the enzymatic cycle, CYP1A …

Background Previously, the protective farm effect was imitated using the whey protein beta‐
lactoglobulin (BLG) that is spiked with iron‐flavonoid complexes. Here, we formulated for …

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority environmental contaminants that
exhibit mutagenic, carcinogenic, proinflammatory, and teratogenic properties. Oxygen …