Diabetes is a chronic disease, characterized by hyperglycemia, which refers to the elevated
levels of glucose in the blood, due to the inability of the body to produce or use insulin …

Heart failure results not only from cardiac overload or injury but also from a complex
interplay among genetic, neurohormonal, inflammatory, and biochemical changes acting on …

Endothelial dysfunction is regarded as an important factor in the pathogenesis of vascular
disease in obesity‐related type 2 diabetes. The imbalance in repair and injury …

Pro—PCOS is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation as evidenced by elevation
of multiple markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein, interleukin-18, monocyte …

The endothelium is a complex organ with a multitude of properties essential for control of
vascular functions. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is regarded as an important …

There is mounting evidence to support the influence of inflammation in the pathogenesis of
atrial fibrillation (AF). Indeed, AF is associated with increased levels of known inflammatory …

Leptin, a 167-amino acid peptide hormone produced by white adipose tissue, is primarily
involved in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Leptin receptors are …

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most frequent endocrinopathies, affecting 5–
10% of women of reproductive age, and is characterized by the presence of ovarian cysts …

Endothelial dysfunction is an imbalance in the production of vasodilator factors and when
this balance is disrupted, it predisposes the vasculature towards pro-thrombotic and pro …

Recent publications describing the results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and other
studies reporting the impact of hormone therapy on aging women have spurred …