RNA-based viruses likely make up the highest pandemic threat among all known pathogens
in about the last 100 years, since the Spanish Flu of 1918 with 50 M deaths up to COVID-19 …

Hepatitis delta virus, discovered in 1977, requires the help of hepatitis B virus to replicate in
hepatocytes and is an important cause of acute, fulminant, and chronic liver disease in many …

Panels of hepatitis B virus surface antigen-positive sera from drug abusers were used to
evaluate 14 commercial enzyme immunoassays from six companies for detecting hepatitis …

Viral detection is an important part of clinical hepatology. For many years practical clinical
tests have been serological but recently newer molecular techniques have become …

The hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a small RNA virus which replicates and causes hepatitis
only in patients who concurrently are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV)(1). Delta hepatitis …

The role of viral superinfection in hepatitis B surface antigen carriers with superimposed
fulminant (n= 60) versus nonfulminant (n= 90) acute hepatitis was studied. The frequency of …

Viral hepatitis is a disease of major concern, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Although a variety of viruses can cause hepatitis, the five most common viruses …

The hepatotropic viruses currently include hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E, and are associated
with a spectrum of acute and chronic liver disease syndromes. The epidemiology and …

The incidence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection in Northern Ireland (1970-1989) was
tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 401 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) …

Delta hepatitis (HDV) infection can only occur in the presence of hepatitis B (HBV) infection,
as HDV requires a coat of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) for assembly of complete virus. A …