Changes in the composition of the gut microbiota are associated with many human
diseases. So far, however, we have failed to define homeostasis or dysbiosis by the …

The intestinal barrier protects the host against gut microbes, food antigens, and toxins
present in the gastrointestinal tract. However, gut barrier integrity can be affected by intrinsic …

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, phenotypically comprising a spectrum of inflammatory
bowel diseases (IBDs), spread globally during the westernization of lifestyle and dietary …

High sugar intake has long been recognized as a potential environmental risk factor for
increased incidence of many non-communicable diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular …

Food components in our diet provide not only necessary nutrients to our body but also
substrates for the mutualistic microbial flora in our gastrointestinal tract, termed the gut …

The intestinal surface is constitutively exposed to diverse antigens, such as food antigens,
food-borne pathogens, and commensal microbes. Intestinal epithelial cells have developed …

The consumption of fructose as sugar and high-fructose corn syrup has markedly increased
during the past several decades. This trend coincides with the exponential rise of metabolic …

Accumulating evidence indicates gut microbiota contributes to aging-related disorders.
However, the exact mechanism underlying gut dysbiosis-related pathophysiological …

The diet and gut microbiota have been extensively interrogated as a fuel for gut
inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in the last few years. Here, we review …

Gut microbiota plays a fundamental role within human health, and exerts key functions
within the human body. Diet is one of the most powerful modulators of gut microbiota …