We contend diets and habitats that allow animals to select among alternatives enable
individuals to better meet needs for nutrients and to better cope with toxins. All plants contain …

The two major mechanical defences of plants are toughness and hardness. These have
different material causes and ecological functions. In any non-metal, high toughness is …

Optimal foraging theory predicts that animals will either attempt to maximize energy gained
or minimize time spent to obtain a fixed amount of energy. A time-minimizing approach …

We describe food selection by roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in relation to the food quality
of the plants available (the concentrations of fibres, sugars, crude protein, and of phenolics …

I address the selection of plants with different characteristics by herbivores of different body
sizes by incorporating allometric relationships for herbivore foraging into optimal foraging …

The question,“Why should prey advertise their presence to predators using warning
coloration?” has been asked for over 150 years. It is now widely acknowledged that …

Wooded rangelands are a vast grazing land resource globally, including shrublands,
savannas and forested ranges. They generally provide forage year-round for small …

Concerted effort in ecology is focused on developing synthetic frameworks that quantify
general trends between diversity of organismal functional traits and ecosystem functioning …

Pasture quality, expressed as a percentage of total digestible nutrients (nitrogen, potassium,
phosphorous, calcium and magnesium), is a major factor determining the grazing patterns of …

Rangelands throughout the world contain varying but often substantial proportions of
shrubs. Shrubs are generally heavily chemically defended, and herbivores must either …