There is much cellular heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment. The tumor epithelia
and stromal cells co-evolve, and this reciprocal relationship dictates almost every step of …

Podoplanin (PDPN) is a cell-surface mucin-like glycoprotein that plays a critical role in tumor
development and normal development of the lung, kidney, and lymphatic vascular systems …

TGF-beta signaling is one of the major pathways controlling cell and tissue behavior not only
in homeostasis but also in disease. During tumorigenesis TGF-beta orchestrated processes …

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has a dismal prognosis, and survival benefits of recent
multimodality treatments remain small. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are known to …

Cells respond to both chemical and mechanical cues present within their microenvironment.
Various mechanical signals are detected by and transmitted to the cells through …

The tumor microenvironment is one of the important drivers of tumor development. Cancer-
associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major component of the tumor stroma and actively …

Adequate blood supply is essential for tumor survival, growth and metastasis. The tumor
microenvironment (TME) is dynamic and complex, comprising cancer cells, cancer …

Interactions between cancer cells and cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an
important role in tumour development and progression. In this study we investigated the …

Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) communicate with cancer cells and play important
roles in cancer invasion. We previously reported that local invasion of cancer cells was …

Tumor angiogenesis induces local hypoxia and recruits immunosuppressive cells, whereas
hypoxia subsequently promotes tumor angiogenesis. Immunotherapy efficacy depends on …