With the increasing importance of Computational Thinking (CT) at all levels of education, it is
essential to have valid and reliable assessments. Currently, there is a lack of such …

Although instruments for assessing students' computational thinking (CT) concepts in
primary education have been developed, they have rarely been validated in terms of item …

There is little empirical research related to how elementary students develop computational
thinking (CT) and how they apply CT in problem-solving. To address this gap in knowledge …

Computational thinking (CT) is considered a key competence in today's digital era. It is an
emerging construct that relates to critical thinking and creativity. Research on its assessment …

Introduction With the increasing amount of research around Computational Thinking (CT)
and endeavors introducing CT into curricula worldwide, assessing CT at all levels of formal …

This doctoral thesis explores the teaching and learning of a competence referred to as
'computational thinking'(CT) in the context of Scratch—an especially popular programming …

The introduction of computing education into curricula worldwide requires multi-year
assessments to evaluate the long-term impact on learning. However, no single …

In the early years, it has become essential to support the acquisition of computational
thinking, which is seen as a 21st-century skill and new literacy. A valid and reliable …

In this paper, we explore how the theoretical notion of possibility space offers a way to study
how children's computational thinking develops as a process. Drawing on embodied notions …

Computing involving physiological data such as heart rate and electrodermal activity has
been used as a way to enrich K-12 students' computing learning experiences. This study …