Objective Supraphysiologic doses of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are widely used to
improve body image and sport performance goals. These substances can easily be …

Drug checking is increasingly being explored outside of festivals and events to be an
ongoing service within communities, frequently integrated within responses to illicit drug …

Aims To characterize polysubstance death in the United States during the transition to the
fourth wave of the drug overdose crisis. To characterize co‐involved substances in fatal …

Background Overdose deaths involving stimulants and opioids simultaneously have raised
the specter of widespread contamination of the stimulant supply with fentanyl. Methods We …

Introduction: Research supports the feasibility and acceptance of drug checking among
nightlife and festival attendees. Interest in expanding drug checking to other groups of …

Background Xylazine is an animal tranquilizer increasingly detected in those who have died
of an opioid overdose in Philadelphia, PA and elsewhere. Despite an increasing presence …

The year 2021 was the most deadly year for overdose deaths in the USA and Canada. The
stress and social isolation stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic coupled with a flood of …

Abstract Background The North American overdose crisis has continued at unprecedented
rates with more than 100,000 overdose deaths estimated to have occurred in the United …

Introduction The proliferation of fentanyl and its analogs in illegal, unregulated drug markets
remains a major driver of the overdose crisis in North America. Drug checking services have …

Purpose The recent influx of interest in and the changing status of drug checking has led us
to reconsider some fundamental questions about drug checking. This commentary aims to …