Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders affecting
cortisol biosynthesis. Reduced activity of an enzyme required for cortisol production leads to …

For many decades, the prevailing paradigm in endocrinology was that testosterone and 5α-
dihydrotestosterone are the only potent androgens in the context of human physiology. The …

In humans, reticularis cells of the adrenal cortex fuel the production of androgen steroids,
constituting the driver of numerous morphological changes during childhood. These steps …

Epitestosterone is a stereoisomer of the active androgen testosterone and its circulating
concentrations are similar to those of testosterone in women and children. However, its …

Adrenal steroidogenesis has, for decades, been depicted as three biosynthesis pathways–
the mineralocorticoid, glucocorticoid and androgen pathways with aldosterone, cortisol and …

Although 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) and testosterone (T) are major androgens in both
teleosts and humans, their 5α-reduced derivatives produced by steroid 5α-reductase …

Abstract The 5-reductases (5α-reductase types 1, 2 and 3 [5αR1− 3], 5β-reductase [5βR])
are steroid hormone metabolising enzymes that hold fundamental roles in human …

Objective Androgens are important modulators of immune cell function. The local generation
of active androgens from circulating precursors is an important mediator of androgen action …

As an emerging environmental endocrine disruptor, polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) are
considered to have the anti-androgenic feature and impair male reproductive function. To …

Androgen (s) is one of the sex steroids that are involved in many physiological phenomena
of vertebrate species. Although androgens were originally identified as male sex hormones …