Key aspects of 36 mosquito-borne arboviruses indigenous to Africa are summarized,
including lesser or poorly-known viruses which, like Zika, may have the potential to escape …

Since its initial isolation in Uganda in 1937 through the present, West Nile virus (WNV) has
become an important cause of human and animal disease worldwide. WNV, an enveloped …

Importance Since its introduction in North America in 1999, West Nile virus has produced the
3 largest arboviral neuroinvasive disease outbreaks ever recorded in the United States …

West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging neurotropic flavivirus that is transmitted to humans
through the bite of an infected mosquito. WNV has disseminated broadly in the Western …

West Nile virus (WNV) is continuously spreading across Europe, and other continents, ie
North and South America and many other regions of the world. Despite the overall sporadic …

West Nile virus (WNV) is the most widely distributed of the encephalitic flaviviruses and is a
major cause of encephalitis, with isolates obtained from all continents, apart from Antarctica …

Since its isolation in Uganda in 1937, West Nile virus (WNV) has been responsible for
thousands of cases of morbidity and mortality in birds, horses, and humans. Historically …

West Nile virus (WNV; Flavivirus; Flaviviridae) is the cause of the most widespread arthropod-
borne viral disease in the world and the largest outbreak of neuroinvasive disease ever …

A wide range of arthropod-borne viruses threaten both human and animal health either
through their presence in Europe or through risk of introduction. Prominent among these is …

Abstract Zoonotic West Nile virus (WNV) circulates in natural transmission cycles involving
certain mosquitoes and birds, horses, humans, and a range of other vertebrates are …