Over the past few decades, flexible sensors have been developed from the “electronic” level
to the “iontronic” level, and gradually to the “ionic” level. Ionic flexible sensors (IFS) are one …

Because of the aging human population and increased numbers of surgical procedures
being performed, there is a growing number of biomedical devices being implanted each …

Iontronic pressure sensors are promising in robot haptics because they can achieve high
sensing performance using nanoscale electric double layers (EDLs) for capacitive signal …

Humans can gently slide a finger on the surface of an object and identify it by capturing both
static pressure and high-frequency vibrations. Although modern robots integrated with …

Conductive hydrogels as flexible electronic devices, not only have unique attractions but
also meet the basic need of mechanical flexibility and intelligent sensing. How to endow …

Touch panels are deemed as a critical platform for the future of human–computer interaction
and metaverse. Recently, stretchable iontronic touch panels have attracted attention due to …

Real‐time monitoring of human health can be significantly improved by designing novel
electronic skin (E‐skin) platforms that mimic the characteristics and sensitivity of human skin …

Hydrogels and their sensors are emerging as key players in biomedical electronics, offering
flexible, programmable structures and functions. Hydrogel-based sensors with stress–strain …

Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) has attracted the widespread interest of researchers because
of its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and moldability. Various structures have …

Skin infections are major threats to human health, causing∼ 500 incidences per 10 000
person-year. In patients with diabetes mellitus, particularly, skin infections are often …