Background Direct observation of hand hygiene compliance is the “gold standard” despite
limitations and potential for bias. Previous literature highlights poorer hand hygiene …

In 2015, we conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in primary care to evaluate if
posters and pamphlets dispensed in general practice waiting rooms enhanced vaccination …

Introduction Hospital acquired injections (HAI) pose a significant risk to patients and are a
major focus of infection prevention and control policies (IPC). One under-recognised reason …

Background Healthcare-associated infections are a major threat to patient safety, particularly
vulnerable elderly living in nursing homes, who have an increased risk of infections and …

Background The improvement of hand hygiene compliance (HHC) is vital for preventing
healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Aim To determine whether observation and …

Dirk M. Elston, MD Charleston, South Carolina The Hawthorne effect, also known as the
observer effect, is an important source of error related to modifications in behavior while …

Background The World Health Organization recommends regular hand hygiene monitoring
and feedback to improve hand hygiene behaviors and health care–associated infection …

Background and objectives In people with hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), reduced gait
adaptability is common and disabling. Gait impairments result from lower extremity …

Background Emergency placement of an external ventricular drain (EVD) is one of the most
frequently performed neurosurgical procedures. EVD-related infection continues to be a …

Objective To evaluate if a remote digital monitoring system added at the end of orthodontic
treatment could positively influence the retention phase by reducing the occurrence of misfit …