The rotation of a star and the revolutions of its planets are not necessarily aligned. This
article reviews the measurement techniques, key findings, and theoretical interpretations …

We provide evidence that the obliquities of stars with close-in giant planets were initially
nearly random, and that the low obliquities that are often observed are a consequence of …

Determining whether Earth-like planets are common or rare looms as a touchstone in the
question of life in the universe. We searched for Earth-size planets that cross in front of their …

Abstract The California-Kepler Survey (CKS) is an observational program developed to
improve our knowledge of the properties of stars found to host transiting planets by NASA's …

Convergent disk migration has long been suspected to be responsible for forming planetary
systems with a chain of mean-motion resonances (MMRs). Dynamical evolution over time …

We present the discovery of KELT-1b, the first transiting low-mass companion from the wide-
field Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope-North (KELT-North) transit survey. A joint …

Exoplanets can evolve significantly between birth and maturity, as their atmospheres, orbits,
and structures are shaped by their environment. Young planets (< 1 Gyr) offer an opportunity …

Giant exoplanets orbiting close to their host stars are unlikely to have formed in their present
configurations. These 'hot Jupiter'planets are instead thought to have migrated inward from …

The warm Neptune GJ 3470b transits a nearby (d= 29 pc) bright slowly rotating M1. 5-dwarf
star. Using spectroscopic observations during two transits with the newly commissioned …

The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect occurs during a planet's transit. It provides the main means
of measuring the sky-projected spin-orbit angle between a planet's orbital plane, and its host …