The most widespread intracellular bacteria in the animal kingdom are maternally inherited
endosymbionts of the genus Wolbachia. Their prevalence in arthropods and nematodes …

BACKGROUND Increasingly, it is recognized that the microbes resident in the
gastrointestinal tract can influence brain physiology and behavior. Research has shown that …

Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is the most common symbiont-induced reproductive
manipulation. Specifically, symbiont-induced sperm modifications cause catastrophic mitotic …

In the Origin of Species, Darwin struggled with how continuous changes within a species
lead to the emergence of discrete species. Molecular analyses have since identified nuclear …

Viruses are trifurcated into eukaryotic, archaeal and bacterial categories. This domain-
specific ecology underscores why eukaryotic viruses typically co-opt eukaryotic genes and …

The recent emergence of powerful genomic tools, such as high‐throughput genomics,
transcriptomics and metabolomics, combined with the study of gnotobiotic animals, have …

Species are fundamental units of comparison in biology. The newly discovered importance
and ubiquity of host-associated microorganisms are now stimulating work on the roles that …

A remarkable suite of forms of genomic conflict has recently been implicated in speciation.
We propose that these diverse roles of genomic conflict in speciation processes can be …

Mammalian organisms form intimate interfaces with commensal and pathogenic gut
microorganisms. Increasing evidence suggests a close interaction between gut …

Covering: up to 2018 Pheromones serve as chemical signals between individuals of the
same species and play important roles for mate localization and mate choice as well as …