Smallpox was eradicated more than 30 years ago, but heightened concerns over
bioterrorism have brought smallpox and smallpox vaccination back to the forefront. The …

Global terrorism is a rapidly growing threat to world security, and increases the risk of
bioterrorism. In this Review, we discuss the potential threat of bioterrorism, agents that could …

Oncolytic viral therapy utilizes a tumor-selective replicating virus which preferentially infects
and destroys cancer cells and triggers antitumor immunity. The Western Reserve strain of …

Background. We report the first confirmed case of eczema vaccinatum in the United States
related to smallpox vaccination since routine vaccination was discontinued in 1972. A 28 …

Monkeypox, a rare but significant zoonotic and orthopoxviral disease, has garnered
increasing attention due to its potential for human-to-human transmission and its recent …

Less than 200 years after its introduction, widespread use of vaccinia virus (VACV) as a
smallpox vaccine has eradicated variola virus. Along with the remarkable success of the …

The negative impact of atopic dermatitis (AD) often extends beyond the skin. Children with
AD experience increased rates of infectious, mental health, and allergic diseases compared …

Background Large quantities of smallpox vaccine have been stockpiled to protect entire
nations against a possible reintroduction of smallpox. Planning for an appropriate use of …

Orthopoxviruses are among the largest and most complex of the animal viruses. In response
to the recent emergence of monkeypox in Africa and the threat of smallpox bioterrorism, two …

Abstract (See the editorial commentary by Bray, on pages 1037–9.) The licensed smallpox
vaccine, ACAM2000, is a cell culture derivative of Dryvax. Both ACAM2000 and Dryvax are …