The rhizosphere is undoubtedly the most complex microhabitat, comprised of an integrated
network of plant roots, soil, and a diverse consortium of bacteria, fungi, eukaryotes, and …

The elevation of atmospheric CO 2 concentration has a strong impact on the physiology of
C3 plants, far beyond photosynthesis and C metabolism. In particular, it reduces the …

Nitrogen accounts for approximately 60% of the fertilizer consumed each year; thus, it
represents one of the major input costs for most nonlegume crops. Nitrate is one of the two …

Highlights•Nitrification causes nitrogen losses with impact on crop yield and
environment.•Newly discovered microbes can be important for nitrification in agricultural …

Nitrogen (N) availability is a major factor determining plant growth and productivity. Plants
acquire inorganic N from the soil, mainly in the form of nitrate and ammonium. To date …

Ammonium is a major inorganic nitrogen source for plants. At low external supplies,
ammonium promotes plant growth, while at high external supplies it causes toxicity …

Plant nitrate transporters were first identified and functionally characterized more than 20
years ago. They are encoded at least by four gene families, NRT1 (NPF), NRT2, CLC, and …

Plant nitrogen (N), acquired mainly in the form of nitrate and ammonium from soil, dominates
growth and development, and high-yield crop production relies heavily on N fertilization. The …

Legumes can utilize atmospheric nitrogen via symbiotic nitrogen fixation, but this process is
inhibited by high soil inorganic nitrogen. So far, how high nitrogen inhibits N2 fixation in …

Highlights•Root nitrate sensing is affected by rhizosphere pH and water availability.•Nitrate
transporters are involved in sensing cellular pH changes.•Root derived small mobile …