The altered metabolic programme of cancer cells facilitates their cell-autonomous
proliferation and survival. In normal cells, signal transduction pathways control core cellular …

The forkhead box protein O (FOXO, consisting of FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4 and FOXO6)
transcription factors are the mammalian orthologues of Caenorhabditis elegans DAF-16 …

Abstract Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) are key enzymes in cellular metabolism,
epigenetic regulation, redox states, and DNA repair. IDH1/2 mutations are causal in the …

The intestinal epithelium is a multicellular interface in close proximity to a dense microbial
milieu that is completely renewed every 3–5 days. Pluripotent stem cells reside at the crypt …

Together with the global rise in obesity and metabolic syndrome, the prevalence of
individuals who suffer from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has risen dramatically …

Oncogenic mutations in two isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-encoding genes (IDH1 and
IDH2) have been identified in acute myelogenous leukemia, low-grade glioma, and …

Differential WNT and Notch signaling regulates differentiation of Lgr5+ crypt-based
columnar cells (CBCs) into intestinal cell lineages. Recently we showed that mitochondrial …

The extension of life span by caloric restriction has been studied across species from yeast
and Caenorhabditis elegans to primates. No generally accepted theory has been proposed …

The most frequently mutated metabolic genes in human cancer are those encoding the
enzymes isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2; these mutations have so far been …

Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors (TFs) are a subclass of the larger family of
forkhead TFs. Mammalians express four members FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4, and FOXO6 …