Remote user authentication is a mechanism, in which the remote server verifies the
legitimacy of a user over an insecure communication channel. Until now, there have been …

Despite two decades of intensive research, it remains a challenge to design a practical
anonymous two-factor authentication scheme, for the designers are confronted with an …

Image transmission is gaining importance with the advancement of information
communication technology. Transmission of sensitive images in diverse applications like …

Due to its simplicity, portability and robustness, two-factor authentication has received much
interest in the past two decades. While security-related issues have been well studied, how …

Understanding security failures of cryptographic protocols is the key to both patching
existing protocols and designing future schemes. In this paper, we analyze two recent …

Password-based authenticated key agreement using smart cards has been widely and
intensively researched. Inspired by the semi-group property of Chebyshev maps and key …

Despite over two decades of continuous efforts, how to design a secure and efficient two-
factor authentication scheme remains an open issue. Hundreds of new schemes have wave …

With the maturity of cloud computing technology in terms of reliability and efficiency, a large
number of services have migrated to the cloud platform. To convenient access to the …

Authentication thwarts unauthorised users from accessing resources in insecure network
environments. Password authentication based on smart cards is one of the simplest and …

In the authentication scheme, it is important to ensure that the user's identity changed
dynamically with the different sessions, which can protect the user's privacy information from …