Bauxite residue is a kind of strong alkaline waste produced in the production of alumina. Its
long-term storage poses a potential threat to the environment. With the tightening of …

Mine wastes pollute the environment with metals and metalloids in toxic concentrations,
causing problems for humans and wildlife. Microorganisms colonize and inhabit mine …

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) has important ecological significance in mine tailing by
contributing to the initial accumulation of nitrogen. In addition to chemolithotrophic and …

Primary ecological succession is imperative for tailing vegetation, driven notably by
microbes that enhance tailing nutrient status. Yet, the roles of abundant and rare taxa in …

The generation of bauxite residue, the by-product of alumina manufacture from bauxite ore,
has increased to a global stockpile of some 3 billion tonnes. In the absence of significant …

Bauxite residue is the alkaline byproduct generated during alumina extraction and is
commonly landfilled in open-air deposits. The growth in global alumina production have …

Red mud is a highly alkaline solid waste discharged in the alumina production process.
Because of its large amount of discharge and high alkalinity, it is mostly stored in dams …

Red mud is the alkaline and high-volume residue produced from alumina extraction from
bauxite ores. Its disposal in purpose-built areas occupies a large amount of land and poses …

Bauxite residue is a highly alkaline byproduct which is routinely discarded at residue
disposal areas. Improving soil formation process to revegetate the special degraded lands is …

The total de-alkalization treatment of industrial solid waste red mud (RM) has been a
worldwide challenge. Removing the insoluble structural alkali fraction from RM is the key to …