Key message This article describes the composition of root exudates, how these metabolites
are released to the rhizosphere and their importance in the recruitment of beneficial …

Plant in vitro cultures are able to produce and accumulate many medicinally valuable
secondary metabolites. Antioxidants are an important group of medicinal preventive …

Betalains are water-soluble plant pigments that are widely used as food colorants, and have
a wide range of desirable biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory …

Plant tissue and organ cultures in vitro usually face technological challenges. When
submerged cultivation of plant cells in a controlled environment is desired, the characteristic …

Natural pigments are largely distributed in the plant kingdom. They belong to diverse
groups, with distinct biochemical pathways. Betalains with colours that range from yellow to …

The temporary immersion systems (TISs) have been widely used in plant biotechnology.
TISs have different advantages from the point of micropropagation and production of …

Abstract “Hairy root” systems, obtained by transforming plant tissues with the “natural genetic
engineer” Agrobacterium rhizogenes, have been known for more than three decades. To …

The cultivation of medicinal plants and the production of bioactive compounds derived from
them are of fundamental importance and interest, not only at the pharmacological level but …

Natural pigments from plants are of growing interest as substitutes for synthetic dyes in the
food and pharmaceutical industry and they increase their added value if they possess …

Plant cells contain a wide range of interesting secondary metabolites, which are used as
natural pigments and flavoring agents in foods and cosmetics as well as phyto …