Many pathways connect stress and obesity, two highly prevalent problems facing society
today. First, stress interferes with cognitive processes such as executive function and self …

Psychostimulants, including amphetamines and methylphenidate, are first-line
pharmacotherapies for individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This …

Allostasis, or stability through change, has most often been linked with challenges to
homeostasis, in which repeated challenges or stressors produce sufficient allostatic load to …

For several decades, addiction has come to be viewed as a disorder of the dopamine
neurotransmitter system; however, this view has not led to new treatments. In this Opinion …

Schizophrenia remains a major burden on patients and society. The dopamine hypothesis
attempts to explain the pathogenic mechanisms of the disorder, and the …

Obesity is a heterogeneous construct that, despite multiple and diverse attempts, has been
difficult to treat. One conceptualization gaining media and research attention in recent years …

Sex/gender effects have been demonstrated for multiple aspects of addiction, with one of the
most commonly cited examples being the “telescoping effect” where women meet criteria …

Stress has long been suggested to be an important correlate of uncontrolled drinking and
relapse. An important hormonal response system to stress—the hypothalamic–pituitary …

Adolescence is a time in development when significant changes occur in affective
neurobiology. These changes provide a prolonged period of plasticity to prepare the …

In this review, we detail the clinical evidence supporting the role of psychological and
physiological stress in instrumental motivation for alcohol consumption during the …