Tumor-promoting inflammation and the avoidance of immune destruction are hallmarks of
cancer. While innate immune cells, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, are …

TYROBP (also known as DAP12 or KARAP) is a transmembrane adaptor protein initially
described as a receptor-activating subunit component of natural killer (NK) cells. TYROBP is …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including those targeting CTLA‐4/B7 and the PD‐1/PD‐L1
inhibitory pathways, are now available for clinical use in cancer patients, with other …

Microglia are the resident brain macrophages and they have been traditionally studied as
orchestrators of the brain inflammatory response during infections and disease. In addition …

The activation and fusion of macrophages and of osteoclasts require the adaptor molecule
DNAX-activating protein of 12 kD (DAP12), which contains immunoreceptor tyrosine-based …

Signal regulatory protein (SIRP) α, also known as SHPS-1 or SIRPA, is a transmembrane
protein that binds to the protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 through its …

The immune system must be highly regulated to obtain optimal immune responses for the
elimination of pathogens without causing undue side effects. This tight regulation involves …

The DAP10 and DAP12 signaling subunits are highly conserved in evolution and associate
with a large family of receptors in hematopoietic cells, including dendritic cells, plasmacytoid …

Tumor cells are thought to evade immune surveillance through interaction with immune
cells. Much recent attention has focused on the modification of immune responses as a …

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the first progressive neurodegenerative disease worldwide, and
the disease is characterized by an accumulation of amyloid in the brain and …