Signal peptides (SP) are short peptides located in the N-terminal of proteins, carrying
information for protein secretion. They are ubiquitous to all prokaryotes and eukaryotes. SPs …

Cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes catalyze a variety of reactions and convert chemicals to
potentially reactive products as well as make compounds less toxic. Most of the P450 …

α-Synuclein, a protein implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD), is thought
to affect mitochondrial functions, although the mechanisms of its action remain unclear. In …

Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the major intracellular lesions of Alzheimer's disease
(AD). However, the causative factors involved in the mitochondrial dysfunction in human AD …

The chapter provides a review of the state of art of the oxidative phosphorylation system in
mammalian mitochondria. The sections of the paper deal with:(i) the respiratory chain as a …

Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein 695 (APP) is a plasma membrane protein, which is
known to be the source of the toxic amyloid β (Aβ) peptide associated with the pathogenesis …

Most secreted and many membrane proteins contain cleavable N-terminal signal sequences
that mediate their targeting to and translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum or …

Organelle localization is often crucial to properly modulate cellular functions and signalling
cascades. For example, the distribution of organelles in axons is crucial for their function and …

The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a nuclear transcription factor,
is also present in mitochondria and regulates cellular respiration in a transcriptional …

One solution found in evolution to increase the number of cellular functions, without
increasing the number of genes, is distribution of single gene products to more than one …