Evolutionary biologists tend to approach the study of the natural world within a framework of
adaptation, inspired perhaps by the power of natural selection to produce fitness …

Dams and other anthropogenic barriers have caused global ecological and hydrological
upheaval in the blink of the geological eye. In the present article, we synthesize 307 studies …

While anthropogenic disturbances can have damaging effects on biodiversity, they also offer
an opportunity to understand how species adapt to new environments and may even …

Analysing how fish populations and their ecological communities respond to perturbations
such as fishing and environmental variation is crucial to fisheries science. Researchers often …

Background Organisms with broad distribution ranges, such as fish, often exhibit local
ecological specializations based on their utilization of food and habitat. Populations of …

Large tropical river dam projects are expected to accelerate over the forthcoming decades to
satisfy growing demand for energy, irrigation and flood control. When tropical rivers are …

Ecotypes constitute valuable markers for understanding the phenotypic responses
influenced by evolutionary forces and environmental variations. Assessing the role of these …

Species introductions provide opportunities to quantify rates and patterns of evolutionary
change in response to novel environments. Alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) are native to …

The evolution of local adaptation is crucial for the in situ persistence of populations in
changing environments. However, selection along broad environmental gradients could …

Competition with a non-native species can lead to morphological changes in native
organisms induced by phenotypic plasticity, and by selection against individuals that do not …