Numerous epidemiological studies in the human population clearly indicate that smoking
while pregnant has deleterious effects on fetal development as well as long-term adverse …

Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) is a brain-enriched immediate early
gene that regulates important mechanisms implicated in learning and memory. Arc levels …

Aim: The aim of this article is to generate hypotheses for the mechanism of pituitary
adenoma headache. Patients and methods: Fifty-eight patients with pituitary adenoma were …

Previous human and animal studies demonstrate that acute nicotine exposure has
complicated influences on the function of the nervous system, which may lead to long-lasting …

Maternal smoking has negative long-term consequences on affective behaviors, and in
rodents, chronic neonatal nicotine exposure (CNN) results in increased anxiety. In rat pups …

: Background: Previous studies have shown morphological changes after intra peritoneal
drug administration in human and animals. This study examines the effect of intrapretoneal …

This chapter describes in detail a reliable method for dual in situ hybridization (ISH) that has
been validated in numerous studies identifying co-localization of high and low abundant …

Substance misuse and addictions impose serious health and socio-economic
consequences for both individuals and societies. Substance use during adolescence …