Understanding the diversity of dynamic structures and functions of DNA and RNA in biology
requires tools that can selectively and intimately probe these biomolecules. Synthetic …

Labeling of nucleic acids is required for many studies aiming to elucidate their functions and
dynamics in vitro and in cells. Out of the numerous labeling concepts that have been …

Fluorescence spectroscopy, one of the most informative and sensitive analytical techniques,
has played and continues to play key roles in modern research. Indeed, unraveling the inner …

Fluorescent nucleoside analogues (FNAs) are structurally diverse mimics of the natural
essentially non-fluorescent nucleosides which have found numerous applications in probing …

The recently discovered functions of RNA dramatically expand the cellular roles for this
macromolecule. RNA can no longer be viewed as a passive element, working simply as an …

A fluorescent ribonucleoside alphabet consisting of highly emissive purine (th A, th G) and
pyrimidine (th U, th C) analogues, all derived from thieno [3, 4-d] pyrimidine as the …

Remarkable findings have cemented the central dogma of biology, where the transfer of
genetic information from a sequence of nucleotides in DNA to a string of amino acids in …

Understanding how ligands bind to ribonucleic acids (RNA) is important for understanding
RNA recognition in biological processes and drug development. Here, we have studied …

Fluorescent nucleobase analogues that respond to changes in their microenvironment are
valuable for studying RNA structure, dynamics, and recognition. The most commonly used …

Conspectus In 1960, Weber prophesied that “There are many ways in which the properties
of the excited state can be utilized to study points of ignorance of the structure and function …